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Tower cranes are able to have a maximum unsupported height of eighty meters or 265 feet. The maximum lifting capacity of a tower crane is 16,642 kilograms or thirty nine thousand six hundred ninety pounds with counter weights of 20 tons. Additionally, two limit switches are used in order to ensure the driver does not overload the crane. There is even one more safety feature known as a load moment switch to make sure that the operator does not surpass the ton meter load rating. Lastly, the maximum reach of a tower crane is seventy meters or two hundred thirty feet.
Due to their extreme heights, there is a science involved to erecting a crane. The stationary structure will first need to be brought to the construction site by utilizing a large tractor-trailer rig setup. After that, a mobile crane is utilized so as to assemble the equipment portion of the crane and the jib. These sections are then connected to the mast. The mobile crane next adds counterweights. Crawler cranes and forklifts may be some of the other industrial machinery that is typically used to erect a crane.
Mast extensions are added to the crane when the building is erected. This is how the height of the crane could match the building's height. The crane crew utilizes what is called a climbing frame or a top climber which fits between the top of the mast and the slewing unit. A weight is hung on the jib by the work crew in order to balance the counterweight. When complete, the slewing unit could detach from the top of the mast. In the top climber, hydraulic rams are utilized to adjust the slewing unit up an extra 6.1m or twenty feet. Then, the operator of the crane uses the crane to insert and bolt into position one more mast part piece.
A "loaded container" by description is a container other than in the tare or empty condition, in reference to container handling. Unless otherwise confirmed, containers must be treated as loaded. To be able to maintain safety, when handling or securing containers, environmental conditions like for instance wind should be considered. The word loaded is the maximum gross weigh rating of the container. In order to make certain that the centre of gravity is kept as central and low as possible, the load needs to be equally distributed throughout the container.
Having an evenly distributed load it is helpful to avoid excessive tilting, and lack of vehicle stability, in order to maintain safety. An even cargo helps to avoid unacceptable vehicle axle loading, and unacceptable load concentrations.
With the load distribution in the container, the eccentricity of the center of gravity varies. It is very essential that the designers of handling machinery and containers consider in the engineering process. For example, when 60 percent of the load by mass is distributed in fifty percent of the length of the container measured from one end of the equipment, the eccentricity corresponds to five percent.
Make sure that the container is free to be handled and care has to be taken to make sure it is safely attached to the container, so as to make sure that the machinery used is perfect for the cargo. Particular attention needs to be paid to the possibility of the container tilting because of the eccentricity of the center of gravity. When lifting any container whose centre of gravity is mobile or eccentric, such as a bulk container, a tank container a thermal container with a refrigerating unit or a container with a liquid bulk bag, either clip on or integral, or any container with a hanging load, great care should be taken when lifting these.
